At least 1,500 Irish university students have been reported for cheating over the past three years.
Trinity College and TU Dublin had the highest number of cases of exam cheating, plagiarism or students using "essay mills" according to the Irish Independent.
The Technological University of Dublin said it had dealt with 568 cases since 2019, resulting in two students being expelled.
There were 33 cases of suspected exam-cheating and 138 instances where a student plagiarised work for their assignments during the most recent academic year.
According to Freedom of Information figures, Trinity said it had 445 cases of suspected cheating in the academic years between 2019 and 2021. However, the number of cases for last year were not available.
Maynooth University said it had just over 200 instances of cheating, while DCU had 99.